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Dec 31, 1995 Millions of tone of FGD-gypsum by-product may be produced in this decade as a result of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. In this research, bench-scale experiments were conducted to obtain process data for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD-gypsum and to help evaluate technical and economic feasibilities of the process.
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two marketable products, ammonium sulfate fe rtilizer and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), from wet limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD) by-product gypsum. The wet FGD process, although effectively removing SO2 by using limestone, produces a large amount of solid gypsum. Power plants burning high-sulfur coal and using the FGD
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Costs for constructing and operating a conceptual plant based on a proposed process that converts flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer has been calculated and used to estimate a market price for the product. The average market price of granular ammonium sulfate ($138/ton) exceeds the rough estimated cost of ammonium sulfate from the proposed process
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The authors have been developing a process which converts FGD-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer with precipitated calcium carbonate as a by-product during the conversion. Preliminary cost estimates suggest that the process is economically feasible when ammonium sulfate crystals are produced in a granular size (1.2 to 3.3 mm), instead of a powder form.
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Oct 11, 2013 Ammonium Sulfate Fertilizer From Fgd Gypsum, ... The gypsum can be used to produce sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate fertilizer, ... 2012 new ammonium sulfate technology from gypsum . FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including ... Priority date ... [0005] Ammonium sulphate is used as dual fertilizer containing ...
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ammonium sulfate fgd gypsum converting converting fgd Prior art date 2012-08-10 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Withdrawn Application number EP13828330.4A Other languages German (de ...
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In this study, the technical feasibility of producing ammonium sulfate from FGD residues by allowing it to react with ammonium carbonate in an aqueous solution was preliminarily assessed. Reaction temperatures of 60, 70, and 80°C and residence times of 4 and 6 hours were tested to determine the optimal conversion condition and final product ...
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A continuous countercurrent flow process for converting FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including countercurrent flows with internal recycle of liquids to maximize the purity of reaction products while minimizing reaction times, and further include embodiments of the process that provide a yield of both ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate to be 97 to 100%, and ...
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CRUSHER TORGERSEN 1315 in Colima, Colima, Mexico. convert fgd gypsum into ammonium sulphate in Karnal, Haryana, India. Jul 18, 2012 ...
Read MoreDec 31, 1994 Millions of tone of FGD-gypsum by-product may be produced in this decade as a result of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. In this research, bench-scale experiments were conducted to obtain process data for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD-gypsum and to help evaluate technical and economic feasibilities of the process.
Read More
The first stage circulating liquid is that the ammonia-ammonium sulfate solution is pushed into the absorption section of the desulfurization tower, which is in full contact with the flue gas to absorb the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, so that the content of SO2 in the flue gas can meet the national emission target and produce ammonium bisulfite and ammonium sulfite.
Read MoreOct 11, 2013 Ammonium Sulfate Fertilizer From Fgd Gypsum, ... The gypsum can be used to produce sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate fertilizer, ... 2012 new ammonium sulfate technology from gypsum . FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including ... Priority date ... [0005] Ammonium sulphate is used as dual fertilizer containing ...
Read MoreThe authors have been developing a process which converts FGD-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer with precipitated calcium carbonate as a by-product during the conversion. Preliminary cost estimates suggest that the process is economically feasible when ammonium sulfate crystals are produced in a granular size (1.2 to 3.3 mm), instead of a powder form.
Read MoreIn this study, the technical feasibility of producing ammonium sulfate from FGD residues by allowing it to react with ammonium carbonate in an aqueous solution was preliminarily assessed. Reaction temperatures of 60, 70, and 80°C and residence times of 4 and 6 hours were tested to determine the optimal conversion condition and final product ...
Read MoreA continuous countercurrent flow process for converting FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including countercurrent flows with internal recycle of liquids to maximize the purity of reaction products while minimizing reaction times, and further include embodiments of the process that provide a yield of both ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate to be 97 to 100%, and ...
Read More
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Read MoreCRUSHER TORGERSEN 1315 in Colima, Colima, Mexico. convert fgd gypsum into ammonium sulphate in Karnal, Haryana, India. Jul 18, 2012 ...
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Ammonium sulfate It is not economically feasible to produce ammonium sulfate for use as a fertilizer. However, ammonium sulfate is formed as a by-product of other process such as acid scrubbing of coke oven gas, synthetic fiber production, and the ammoniation of process sulfuric acid Hoffmeister, 1993.
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A new, emerging flue gas desulfurization technology has been described by the IAEA. It is a radiation technology where an intense beam of electrons is fired into the flue gas at the same time as ammonia is added to the gas. The Chendu power plant in China started up such a flue gas desulfurization unit on a 100 MW scale in 1998.
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Jun 01, 2019 The conversion of gypsum might be economically viable today due to growing expenses related to the deposition of FGD gypsum and the removal of CO 2 captured as CaCO 3 in this process. Moreover, ammonium sulfate is a more desired product today than it was in the past, positively influencing its price.
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A continuous countercurrent flow process for converting FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including countercurrent flows with internal recycle of liquids to maximize the purity of reaction products while minimizing reaction times, and further include embodiments of the process that provide a yield of both ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate to be 97 to 100%, and ...
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This reaction is of great interest in the study of wet flue gas desulfurization processes. In the case of the normally used absorption additive lime, the oxidation of S(IV) is an essential step in quantitatively producing the final product, gypsum (CaSO 4 - 2H 2 O). Beside detoxication of S(IV) the dewatering properties of gypsum are improved when a high oxidation yield is achieved.
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V. Evaluate the impact of continued use of FGD-gypsum-derived ammonium sulfate on soil chemical properties. VI. Establish a process flow sheet for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD gypsum and evaluate the production costs and the market potential for the product. This project is a cooperative effort among the ISGS, UIUC, AUiedSignal, SE-ME,
Read MoreThe first stage circulating liquid is that the ammonia-ammonium sulfate solution is pushed into the absorption section of the desulfurization tower, which is in full contact with the flue gas to absorb the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, so that the content of SO2 in the flue gas can meet the national emission target and produce ammonium bisulfite and ammonium sulfite.
Read MoreIn this study, the technical feasibility of producing ammonium sulfate from FGD residues by allowing it to react with ammonium carbonate in an aqueous solution was preliminarily assessed. Reaction temperatures of 60, 70, and 80°C and residence times of 4 and 6 hours were tested to determine the optimal conversion condition and final product ...
Read MoreV. Evaluate the impact of continued use of FGD-gypsum-derived ammonium sulfate on soil chemical properties. VI. Establish a process flow sheet for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD gypsum and evaluate the production costs and the market potential for the product. This project is a cooperative effort among the ISGS, UIUC, AUiedSignal, SE-ME,
Read MoreComplete Patent Searching Database and Patent Data Analytics Services.
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design a stone plant for producing ammonium sulphate. manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from gypsum-rich by flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizerhas . for 300 days per year of operation, the plant produces 200,000 tons gypsum per year..Ammonium Sulfate
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A novel and commercially viable process for flue gas desulfurization (FGD), using ammonia as a reagent and producing commercial grade ammonium sulfate (AS) crop fertilizer, was developed by General Electric Environmental Services, Inc. (GEESI) in the early 1990’s and subsequently acquired by Marsulex Environmental Technologies (MET).
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Oct 01, 2016 The mineral carbonation of FGD gypsum produces both calcium carbonate and ammonium sulfate, which is highly soluble in water (740 g/L at 20 °C) and is obtained as an aqueous solution, thus requiring an evaporation separation process .
Read MoreJun 01, 2019 The conversion of gypsum might be economically viable today due to growing expenses related to the deposition of FGD gypsum and the removal of CO 2 captured as CaCO 3 in this process. Moreover, ammonium sulfate is a more desired product today than it was in the past, positively influencing its price.
Read MoreThis reaction is of great interest in the study of wet flue gas desulfurization processes. In the case of the normally used absorption additive lime, the oxidation of S(IV) is an essential step in quantitatively producing the final product, gypsum (CaSO 4 - 2H 2 O). Beside detoxication of S(IV) the dewatering properties of gypsum are improved when a high oxidation yield is achieved.
Read More
Feb 03, 2020 Ammonium sulfate fertilizer was one of the first and widely-used nitrogen fertilizers used for crop production. It isn’t as common today as it was in the past, but it is still a valuable commodity in regions where the soil lacks enough sulfur and nitrogen to provide a growing foundation.
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Flue gas desulfurization-FGD gypsum and phosphogypsum (PG) is the most common forms of synthetic gypsum [2], [3]. PG is a primary byproduct from phosphoric acid production and in most cases it
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Nov 01, 2012 Highlights FGD gypsum is a promising material for CO 2 sequestration by mineral carbonation. The carbonation rate is about 95% at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. High-purity calcium carbonate (above 90%) can be obtained within 10 min Coal-fired flue gas can be directly used in the gypsum carbonation process.
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